SHOULDER DISEASES

Labral Tear

The cartilage called the labrum, located in the shoulder socket (glenoid cavity) of the scapula, gets damaged. This can occur due to high-energy incidents like car accidents or repeated lifting during bench presses.

Throwing Shoulder Injury (Baseball Shoulder)

This occurs due to the overuse of the upper limb in sports like baseball, handball, volleyball, and swimming. It generally improves with conservative treatment (mainly physical therapy), but if it does not, surgical treatment may be required. Surgery is performed using an arthroscope.

Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation

This is a condition where the shoulder dislocates multiple times. It often makes the shoulder feel unstable and unpleasant, and it becomes difficult to raise the arm out of fear. The definitive treatment is surgical.

Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Impingement syndrome is a condition where the muscles and tissues in the shoulder get compressed between the head of the upper arm bone and the underside of the shoulder blade (acromion) during movement. This can lead to pain and restricted movement in the shoulder.

Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)

Common in middle-aged and older individuals without any significant cause, leading to shoulder pain and restricted range of motion. It is defined by the exclusion of other diseases like rotator cuff tears and calcific tendinitis.

Rotator Cuff Tear or Injury

This occurs when the tendons that connect the shoulder muscles to the bone are partially or completely torn. It causes shoulder pain and difficulty moving, especially with actions like lifting the arm or rotating it backward.

Biceps Tendon Injury

This occurs when the tendon connecting the arm muscle to the bone is partially or completely torn, causing pain and difficulty moving the arm. This is particularly noticeable when lifting objects or bending the arm.

Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder

A condition where the shoulder joint wears down due to aging or excessive use, leading to pain and restricted movement. The shoulder may make noise during movement, and daily activities like raising the arm or lifting objects become difficult.

Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy

 A condition that occurs when rotator cuff tears and osteoarthritis of the shoulder joint happen simultaneously, leading to shoulder pain, difficulty moving, and challenges with raising the arm.

Calcific Tendinitis

Calcific tendinitis of the rotator cuff is a condition where calcium deposits form in the tendons of the shoulder, causing inflammation. This condition is particularly common in middle-aged and older adults and can cause shoulder pain and restricted range of motion.

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